7. Lakkhaṇasuttaṃ

Dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇāni

198. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhaddante’’ti [bhadanteti (sī. syā. pī.)] te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

199. ‘‘Dvattiṃsimāni, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti; seyyathidaṃ, cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado [vivaṭacchado (syā. ka.), vivattacchado (sī. pī.)].

200. ‘‘Katamāni ca tāni, bhikkhave, dvattiṃsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā? Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.

‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni [sabbākāraparipūrāni suvibhattantarāni (sī. pī.)]. Yampi , bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso āyatapaṇhi hoti…pe… dīghaṅguli hoti… mudutalunahatthapādo hoti… jālahatthapādo hoti… ussaṅkhapādo hoti… eṇijaṅgho hoti… ṭhitakova anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati… kosohitavatthaguyho hoti… suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hoti kañcanasannibhattaco… sukhumacchavi hoti, sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṃ kāye na upalimpati… ekekalomo hoti, ekekāni lomāni lomakūpesu jātāni… uddhaggalomo hoti, uddhaggāni lomāni jātāni nīlāni añjanavaṇṇāni kuṇḍalāvaṭṭāni [kuṇḍalāvattāni (bahūsu)] dakkhiṇāvaṭṭakajātāni [dakkhiṇāvattakajātāni (sī. syā. pī.)] … brahmujugatto hoti… sattussado hoti… sīhapubbaddhakāyo hoti… citantaraṃso [pitantaraṃso (syā.)] hoti… nigrodhaparimaṇḍalo hoti, yāvatakvassa kāyo tāvatakvassa byāmo yāvatakvassa byāmo tāvatakvassa kāyo… samavaṭṭakkhandho hoti… rasaggasaggī hoti… sīhahanu hoti… cattālīsadanto hoti … samadanto hoti… aviraḷadanto hoti… susukkadāṭho hoti… pahūtajivho hoti… brahmassaro hoti karavīkabhāṇī… abhinīlanetto hoti… gopakhumo hoti… uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā hoti, odātā mudutūlasannibhā. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa uṇṇā bhamukantare jātā hoti, odātā mudutūlasannibhā, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

‘‘Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso uṇhīsasīso hoti. Yampi, bhikkhave, mahāpuriso uṇhīsasīso hoti, idampi, bhikkhave, mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ bhavati.

‘‘Imāni kho tāni, bhikkhave, dvattiṃsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni, yehi samannāgatassa mahāpurisassa dveva gatiyo bhavanti anaññā. Sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado.

‘‘Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dvattiṃsa mahāpurisassa mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni bāhirakāpi isayo dhārenti, no ca kho te jānanti – ‘imassa kammassa kaṭattā idaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhatī’ti.

(1) Suppatiṭṭhitapādatālakkhaṇaṃ



这是我对文本的完整直译:
相经
三十二大人相
如是我闻。一时,世尊住舍卫城(现今印度北方邦斯拉瓦斯蒂)祇树给孤独园。尔时,世尊呼唤比丘们:"诸比丘。"那些比丘回应道:"尊者。"世尊如是说:
"诸比丘,具足这三十二种大人相的大人,只有两种去处,别无其他。若居家,则为转轮王,以法治国,统领四方,国土安稳,具足七宝。他有这七宝:轮宝、象宝、马宝、摩尼宝、女宝、居士宝,第七为主兵臣宝。他有千余勇猛威武、能摧敌军的儿子。他以非暴力、非武力,而以正法征服这四海之内的大地而居住。若出家,则成为阿罗汉、正等正觉、揭开世间帷幕者。
"诸比丘,什么是大人具足的这三十二种大人相,使他只有两种去处,别无其他?若居家,则为转轮王...若出家,则成为阿罗汉、正等正觉、揭开世间帷幕者。
"在此,诸比丘,大人足下平稳。诸比丘,大人足下平稳,这是大人的大人相。
"复次,诸比丘,大人足底有轮相,具千辐、轮缘、轮毂,圆满具足。诸比丘,大人足底有轮相,具千辐、轮缘、轮毂,圆满具足,这是大人的大人相。
"复次,诸比丘,大人足跟长广...手指修长...手足柔软...手足有网缦...足踝高耸...小腿如羚羊...直立不弯腰两手能抚摸双膝...阴藏隐密...肤色金黄...皮肤细滑,尘垢不着...一一毛孔生一毛...毛向上生,呈青色如黑曜石,右旋卷曲...身形挺直...七处丰满...上身如狮...两肩之间丰满...身体圆满如榕树,身高等于展臂,展臂等于身高...颈圆匀称...味觉敏锐...颚如狮子...具四十齿...齿齐平...齿密无隙...犬齿洁白...舌广长...梵音清亮如迦陵频伽鸟...眼睛湛蓝...眼睫如牛...眉间白毫柔软如兜罗绵。诸比丘,大人眉间生白毫,柔软如兜罗绵,这是大人的大人相。
"复次,诸比丘,大人顶有肉髻。诸比丘,大人顶有肉髻,这是大人的大人相。
"诸比丘,这就是三十二种大人相,具足这些相的大人只有两种去处,别无其他。若居家,则为转轮王...若出家,则成为阿罗汉、正等正觉、揭开世间帷幕者。
"诸比丘,外道仙人也知道这三十二种大人相,但他们不知道'由于造作这种业而得到这种相'。
(1)足下平稳相

201. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno daḷhasamādāno ahosi kusalesu dhammesu, avatthitasamādāno kāyasucarite vacīsucarite manosucarite dānasaṃvibhāge sīlasamādāne uposathupavāse matteyyatāya petteyyatāya sāmaññatāya brahmaññatāya kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitāya aññataraññataresu ca adhikusalesu dhammesu . So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. So tattha aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhiggaṇhāti dibbena āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena dibbena sukhena dibbena yasena dibbena ādhipateyyena dibbehi rūpehi dibbehi saddehi dibbehi gandhehi dibbehi rasehi dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi. So tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Suppatiṭṭhitapādo hoti. Samaṃ pādaṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipati, samaṃ uddharati, samaṃ sabbāvantehi pādatalehi bhūmiṃ phusati.

202. ‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti; seyyathidaṃ, cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ akhilamanimittamakaṇṭakaṃ iddhaṃ phītaṃ khemaṃ sivaṃ nirabbudaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati . Rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Akkhambhiyo [avikkhambhiyo (sī. pī.)] hoti kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati. ‘‘Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado. Buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Akkhambhiyo hoti abbhantarehi vā bāhirehi vā paccatthikehi paccāmittehi rāgena vā dosena vā mohena vā samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

203. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Sacce ca dhamme ca dame ca saṃyame,

Soceyyasīlālayuposathesu ca;

Dāne ahiṃsāya asāhase rato,

Daḷhaṃ samādāya samattamācari [samantamācari (syā. ka.)].

‘‘So tena kammena divaṃ samakkami [apakkami (syā. ka.)],

Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi [aṃnvabhi (ṭīkā)];

Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,

Samehi pādehi phusī vasundharaṃ.

‘‘Byākaṃsu veyyañjanikā samāgatā,

Samappatiṭṭhassa na hoti khambhanā;

Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna [pana (syā.)],

Taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ bhavati tadatthajotakaṃ.

‘‘Akkhambhiyo hoti agāramāvasaṃ,

Parābhibhū sattubhi nappamaddano;

Manussabhūtenidha hoti kenaci,

Akkhambhiyo tassa phalena kammuno.

‘‘Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,

Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;

Aggo na so gacchati jātu khambhanaṃ,

Naruttamo esa hi tassa dhammatā’’ti.

(2) Pādatalacakkalakkhaṇaṃ



这是我对文本的完整直译:
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,坚定地受持善法,坚定地实践身善行、语善行、意善行,布施分享,持戒,守斋戒,孝敬父母,尊敬沙门婆罗门,尊敬家中长辈,以及其他殊胜善法。由于造作、积累、增长、广大这些业,身坏命终后,他往生善趣天界。在那里,他以十事胜过其他诸天:天寿、天色、天乐、天名声、天威力、天色、天声、天香、天味、天触。从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:足下平稳。他平稳地落足于地,平稳地抬起,整个脚掌平稳地接触地面。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王,以法治国,统领四方,国土安稳,具足七宝。他有这七宝:轮宝、象宝、马宝、摩尼宝、女宝、居士宝,第七为主兵臣宝。他有千余勇猛威武、能摧敌军的儿子。他以非暴力、非武力,而以正法征服这四海之内无垠、无界、无刺、繁荣、富裕、安宁、幸福、无灾的大地而居住。作为国王他获得什么?他不被任何人类敌人或对手所动摇。作为国王他获得这个。如果他出家,则成为阿罗汉、正等正觉、揭开世间帷幕者。作为佛陀他获得什么?他不被内在或外在的敌人或对手所动摇,不被贪、嗔、痴,不被沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵或世间任何人所动摇。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"他乐于真实、正法、自制、约束,
净行、戒律、斋戒,
布施、不伤害、不暴力,
坚定受持,完全实践。
以此业他升天,
享受快乐、游戏、欢喜;
从那里死后再来此世,
他以平稳的双足触地。
聚集的相师们解说,
平稳立足者无动摇;
无论在家或出家,
此相显示此义。
居家时他不动摇,
征服敌人不被制服;
在此世间不为任何人所动,
这是那业的果报。
如果这样的人出家,
乐于出离、有智慧;
最上人绝不被动摇,
这是他的本性。"
(2)足底轮相

204. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno bahujanassa sukhāvaho ahosi, ubbegauttāsabhayaṃ apanuditā, dhammikañca rakkhāvaraṇaguttiṃ saṃvidhātā, saparivārañca dānaṃ adāsi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Heṭṭhāpādatalesu cakkāni jātāni honti sahassārāni sanemikāni sanābhikāni sabbākāraparipūrāni suvibhattantarāni.

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāparivāro hoti; mahāssa honti parivārā brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati. Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado. Buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāparivāro hoti; mahāssa honti parivārā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

205. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,

Manussabhūto bahunaṃ sukhāvaho;

Ubbhegauttāsabhayāpanūdano,

Guttīsu rakkhāvaraṇesu ussuko.

‘‘So tena kammena divaṃ samakkami,

Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi;

Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,

Cakkāni pādesu duvesu vindati.

‘‘Samantanemīni sahassarāni ca,

Byākaṃsu veyyañjanikā samāgatā;

Disvā kumāraṃ satapuññalakkhaṇaṃ,

Parivāravā hessati sattumaddano.

Tathā hī cakkāni samantanemini,

Sace na pabbajjamupeti tādiso;

Vatteti cakkaṃ pathaviṃ pasāsati,

Tassānuyantādha [tassānuyuttā idha (sī. pī.), tassānuyantā idha (syā. ka.)] bhavanti khattiyā.

‘‘Mahāyasaṃ saṃparivārayanti naṃ,

Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso;

Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo,

Devāmanussāsurasakkarakkhasā [sattarakkhasā (ka.) sī. syāaṭṭhakathā oloketabbā].

‘‘Gandhabbanāgā vihagā catuppadā,

Anuttaraṃ devamanussapūjitaṃ;

Mahāyasaṃ saṃparivārayanti na’’nti.

(3-5) Āyatapaṇhitāditilakkhaṇaṃ

206. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato ahosi nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī vihāsi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni tīṇi mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Āyatapaṇhi ca hoti, dīghaṅguli ca brahmujugatto ca.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Dīghāyuko hoti ciraṭṭhitiko, dīghamāyuṃ pāleti, na sakkā hoti antarā jīvitā voropetuṃ kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena . Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Dīghāyuko hoti ciraṭṭhitiko, dīghamāyuṃ pāleti, na sakkā hoti antarā jīvitā voropetuṃ paccatthikehi paccāmittehi samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

207. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Māraṇavadhabhayattano [maraṇavadhabhayattano (sī. pī. ka.), maraṇavadhabhayamattano (syā.)] viditvā,

Paṭivirato paraṃ māraṇāyahosi;

Tena sucaritena saggamagamā [tena so sucaritena saggamagamāsi (syā.)],

Sukataphalavipākamanubhosi.

‘‘Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,

Paṭilabhati idha tīṇi lakkhaṇāni;

Bhavati vipuladīghapāsaṇhiko,

Brahmāva suju subho sujātagatto.

‘‘Subhujo susu susaṇṭhito sujāto,

Mudutalunaṅguliyassa honti;

Dīghā tībhi purisavaraggalakkhaṇehi,

Cirayapanāya [cirayāpanāya (syā.)] kumāramādisanti.

‘‘Bhavati yadi gihī ciraṃ yapeti,

Cirataraṃ pabbajati yadi tato hi;

Yāpayati ca vasiddhibhāvanāya,

Iti dīghāyukatāya taṃ nimitta’’nti.

(6) Sattussadatālakkhaṇaṃ



这是我对文本的完整直译:
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,为众人带来快乐,驱除恐惧、惊慌、恐怖,提供如法的保护、守卫、防护,并布施给眷属。由于造作、积累、增长、广大这些业,身坏命终后,他往生善趣天界...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:足底生有轮相,具千辐、轮缘、轮毂,圆满具足,分布均匀。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他有大眷属;他有众多眷属:婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村居民、会计官员、军队、守门人、大臣、侍从、诸王、富豪、王子。作为国王他获得这个。如果他出家,则成为阿罗汉、正等正觉、揭开世间帷幕者。作为佛陀他获得什么?他有大眷属;他有众多眷属:比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"在过去前世诸生中,
作为人时为众多人带来快乐;
驱除恐惧、惊慌、恐怖,
热心提供保护、守卫、防护。
以此业他升天,
享受快乐、游戏、欢喜;
从那里死后再来此世,
他两足获得轮相。
轮相圆满具千辐,
聚集的相师们解说;
见此童子具百福之相,
将有大眷属,摧伏敌人。
如果这样的人不出家,
他将转动轮宝统治大地,
众多刹帝利追随他。
如果这样的人出家,
乐于出离、有智慧,
天、人、阿修罗、夜叉、罗刹,
乾闼婆、龙、鸟、四足兽,
都围绕这位无上的天人所敬奉、
具大名声者。"
(3-5)足跟长广等三相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,断除杀生,远离杀生,放下刀杖,有惭有愧,怀有慈悲心,利益关怀一切众生而住。由于造作、积累、增长、广大这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这三种大人相:足跟长广,手指修长,身体挺直。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他长寿,寿命持久,长时保全生命,任何人类敌人或对手都不能在中途夺取他的生命。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他长寿,寿命持久,长时保全生命,任何敌人或对手,沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵或世间任何人都不能在中途夺取他的生命。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"了知杀生带来的死亡恐惧,
他远离杀害他人;
以此善行他升天,
享受善业果报。
从那里死后再来此世,
他在此获得三种相;
他足跟长广,
身体挺直如梵天,美好,体态优雅。
手臂修长,形体优美匀称,
手指柔软纤长;
以这三种最上男子相,
预示童子将长寿。
如果他在家将长寿,
如果出家则寿命更长;
他以修习神通而延长寿命,
因此这是长寿的征兆。"
(6)七处丰满相

208. ‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno dātā ahosi paṇītānaṃ rasitānaṃ khādanīyānaṃ bhojanīyānaṃ sāyanīyānaṃ lehanīyānaṃ pānānaṃ. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati, sattussado hoti, sattassa ussadā honti; ubhosu hatthesu ussadā honti, ubhosu pādesu ussadā honti, ubhosu aṃsakūṭesu ussadā honti, khandhe ussado hoti.

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Lābhī hoti paṇītānaṃ rasitānaṃ khādanīyānaṃ bhojanīyānaṃ sāyanīyānaṃ lehanīyānaṃ pānānaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Lābhī hoti paṇītānaṃ rasitānaṃ khādanīyānaṃ bhojanīyānaṃ sāyanīyānaṃ lehanīyānaṃ pānānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

209. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Khajjabhojjamatha leyya sāyiyaṃ,

Uttamaggarasadāyako ahu;

Tena so sucaritena kammunā,

Nandane ciramabhippamodati.

‘‘Satta cussade idhādhigacchati,

Hatthapādamudutañca vindati;

Āhu byañjananimittakovidā,

Khajjabhojjarasalābhitāya naṃ.

‘‘Yaṃ gihissapi [na taṃ gihissāpi (syā.)] tadatthajotakaṃ,

Pabbajjampi ca tadādhigacchati;

Khajjabhojjarasalābhiruttamaṃ,

Āhu sabbagihibandhanacchida’’nti.

(7-8) Karacaraṇamudujālatālakkhaṇāni

210. ‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi janaṃ saṅgāhako ahosi – dānena peyyavajjena [piyavācena (syā. ka.)] atthacariyāya samānattatāya. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Mudutalunahatthapādo ca hoti jālahatthapādo ca.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Susaṅgahitaparijano hoti, susaṅgahitāssa honti brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Susaṅgahitaparijano hoti, susaṅgahitāssa honti bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

211. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Dānampi catthacariyatañca [dānampi ca atthacariyatampi ca (sī. pī.)],

Piyavāditañca samānattatañca [piyavadatañca samānachandatañca (sī. pī.)];

Kariyacariyasusaṅgahaṃ bahūnaṃ,

Anavamatena guṇena yāti saggaṃ.

‘‘Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,

Karacaraṇamudutañca jālino ca;

Atirucirasuvaggudassaneyyaṃ,

Paṭilabhati daharo susu kumāro.

‘‘Bhavati parijanassavo vidheyyo,

Mahimaṃ āvasito susaṅgahito;

Piyavadū hitasukhataṃ jigīsamāno [jigiṃ samāno (sī. syā. pī.)],

Abhirucitāni guṇāni ācarati.

‘‘Yadi ca jahati sabbakāmabhogaṃ,

Kathayati dhammakathaṃ jino janassa;

Vacanapaṭikarassābhippasannā ,

Sutvāna dhammānudhammamācarantī’’ti.

(9-10) Ussaṅkhapādauddhaggalomatālakkhaṇāni

212. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno [samāno bahuno janassa (sī. pī.)] atthūpasaṃhitaṃ dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosi, bahujanaṃ nidaṃsesi, pāṇīnaṃ hitasukhāvaho dhammayāgī. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Ussaṅkhapādo ca hoti, uddhaggalomo ca.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Aggo ca hoti seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca kāmabhogīnaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Aggo ca hoti seṭṭho ca pāmokkho ca uttamo ca pavaro ca sabbasattānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.



这是我对文本的完整直译:
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,是美味、可口的硬食、软食、可咀嚼食、可饮品的施与者。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:七处丰满,七处丰满是:两手丰满,两足丰满,两肩丰满,颈部丰满。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他获得美味、可口的硬食、软食、可咀嚼食、可饮品。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他获得美味、可口的硬食、软食、可咀嚼食、可饮品。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"他施与最上美味的
硬食、软食、可咀嚼食、可饮品;
以此善业,
他长久欢喜于欢喜园。
他在此获得七处丰满,
手足柔软;
相师说这是征兆,
预示他将获得美味食物。
这不仅对在家人有意义,
出家人也能获得;
他们说断除一切在家束缚者,
将获得最上美味食物。"
(7-8)手足柔软和手足有网缦相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,以四摄事摄受众人:布施、爱语、利行、同事。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这两种大人相:手足柔软和手足有网缦。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他的眷属易摄受,他的婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村居民、会计官员、军队、守门人、大臣、侍从、诸王、富豪、王子易摄受。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他的眷属易摄受,他的比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆易摄受。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"布施、利行、
爱语、同事;
以这些善行善摄受众多人,
以无下劣的功德升天。
从那里死后再来此世,
他获得手足柔软和网缦;
极其美丽可爱,
年轻的童子获得此相。
他的眷属顺从,
居于大地者善摄受;
说爱语,欲求利益安乐,
他实践可喜的功德。
若他舍弃一切欲乐,
胜者为人说法;
听闻者信受其言,
闻法后如法而行。"
(9-10)足踝高耸和毛向上生相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,说有义利、有法的话,教导众多人,为众生带来利益安乐,是法的施与者。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这两种大人相:足踝高耸和毛向上生。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他是欲乐享受者中最上、最胜、最尊、最高、最妙者。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他是一切众生中最上、最胜、最尊、最高、最妙者。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。

213. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Atthadhammasahitaṃ [atthadhammasaṃhitaṃ (ka. sī. pī.), atthadhammupasaṃhitaṃ (ka.)] pure giraṃ,

Erayaṃ bahujanaṃ nidaṃsayi;

Pāṇinaṃ hitasukhāvaho ahu,

Dhammayāgamayajī [dhammayāgaṃ assaji (ka.)] amaccharī.

‘‘Tena so sucaritena kammunā,

Suggatiṃ vajati tattha modati;

Lakkhaṇāni ca duve idhāgato,

Uttamappamukhatāya [uttamasukhatāya (syā.), uttamapamukkhatāya (ka.)] vindati.

‘‘Ubbhamuppatitalomavā saso,

Pādagaṇṭhirahu sādhusaṇṭhitā;

Maṃsalohitācitā tacotthatā,

Uparicaraṇasobhanā [uparijānusobhanā (syā.), upari ca pana sobhanā (sī. pī.)] ahu.

‘‘Gehamāvasati ce tathāvidho,

Aggataṃ vajati kāmabhoginaṃ;

Tena uttaritaro na vijjati,

Jambudīpamabhibhuyya iriyati.

‘‘Pabbajampi ca anomanikkamo,

Aggataṃ vajati sabbapāṇinaṃ;

Tena uttaritaro na vijjati,

Sabbalokamabhibhuyya viharatī’’ti.

(11) Eṇijaṅghalakkhaṇaṃ

214. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno sakkaccaṃ vācetā ahosi sippaṃ vā vijjaṃ vā caraṇaṃ vā kammaṃ vā – ‘kiṃ time khippaṃ vijāneyyuṃ, khippaṃ paṭipajjeyyuṃ, na ciraṃ kilisseyyu’’nti. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Eṇijaṅgho hoti.

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Yāni tāni rājārahāni rājaṅgāni rājūpabhogāni rājānucchavikāni tāni khippaṃ paṭilabhati. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Yāni tāni samaṇārahāni samaṇaṅgāni samaṇūpabhogāni samaṇānucchavikāni, tāni khippaṃ paṭilabhati. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

215. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Sippesu vijjācaraṇesu kammesu [kammasu (sī. pī.)],

Kathaṃ vijāneyyuṃ [vijāneyya (sī. pī.), vijāneyyu (syā.)] lahunti icchati;

Yadūpaghātāya na hoti kassaci,

Vāceti khippaṃ na ciraṃ kilissati.

‘‘Taṃ kammaṃ katvā kusalaṃ sukhudrayaṃ [sukhindriyaṃ (ka.)],

Jaṅghā manuññā labhate susaṇṭhitā;

Vaṭṭā sujātā anupubbamuggatā,

Uddhaggalomā sukhumattacotthatā.

‘‘Eṇeyyajaṅghoti tamāhu puggalaṃ,

Sampattiyā khippamidhāhu [khippamidāhu (?)] lakkhaṇaṃ;

Gehānulomāni yadābhikaṅkhati,

Apabbajaṃ khippamidhādhigacchati [khippamidādhigacchati (?)].

‘‘Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,

Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;

Anucchavikassa yadānulomikaṃ,

Taṃ vindati khippamanomavikkamo [nikkamo (sī. syā. pī.)]’’ti.

(12) Sukhumacchavilakkhaṇaṃ

216. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā upasaṅkamitvā paripucchitā ahosi – ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, kusalaṃ, kiṃ akusalaṃ, kiṃ sāvajjaṃ, kiṃ anavajjaṃ, kiṃ sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ na sevitabbaṃ, kiṃ me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya assa, kiṃ vā pana me karīyamānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya assā’’ti. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Sukhumacchavi hoti, sukhumattā chaviyā rajojallaṃ kāye na upalimpati.

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāpañño hoti, nāssa hoti koci paññāya sadiso vā seṭṭho vā kāmabhogīnaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāpañño hoti puthupañño hāsapañño [hāsupañño (sī. pī.)] javanapañño tikkhapañño nibbedhikapañño, nāssa hoti koci paññāya sadiso vā seṭṭho vā sabbasattānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.



这是我对文本的完整直译:
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"过去他说有义利、有法的话,
教导众多人;
为众生带来利益安乐,
无吝惜地施与法。
以此善业,
他往生善趣,在那里欢喜;
来到此世获得两种相,
得最上首位。
毛向上生,
足踝高耸形状优美;
肌肉血肉丰满,皮肤光滑,
小腿美丽。
如果这样的人居家,
他成为欲乐享受者中最上者;
没有人胜过他,
他统治整个阎浮提。
如果他出家精进不凡,
他成为一切众生中最上者;
没有人胜过他,
他征服整个世界而住。"
(11)小腿如羚羊相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,是恭敬的教师,教授工艺、学问、行为或工作,想:'愿他们快速了解,快速实践,不要长时受苦。'由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:小腿如羚羊。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他快速获得那些适合国王、国王所用、国王享用、国王相称的事物。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他快速获得那些适合沙门、沙门所用、沙门享用、沙门相称的事物。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"在工艺、学问、行为、工作中,
他希望'如何能快速了解';
只要不伤害任何人,
他快速教导,不让人长时受苦。
做这善业带来快乐,
他获得形状优美的小腿;
圆润、生得好、渐次上升,
毛向上生,皮肤细腻光滑。
人们称这人为'羚羊腿',
说这是快速获得成就的征兆;
如果他希望适合在家的事物,
不出家也能快速获得。
如果这样的人出家,
乐于出离、有智慧;
适合他的、相应的,
精进非凡者快速获得。"
(12)皮肤细腻相
"诸比   ,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,亲近沙门或婆罗门并询问:'尊者,什么是善?什么是不善?什么有过?什么无过?什么应该实行?什么不应该实行?做什么会长期带来不利、痛苦?做什么会长期带来利益、快乐?'由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:皮肤细腻,因皮肤细腻,尘垢不着身。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他有大智慧,在欲乐享受者中没有人在智慧上与他相等或胜过他。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他有大智慧、广博智慧、欢喜智慧、敏捷智慧、锐利智慧、透彻智慧,在一切众生中没有人在智慧上与他相等或胜过他。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。


217. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,

Aññātukāmo paripucchitā ahu;

Sussūsitā pabbajitaṃ upāsitā,

Atthantaro atthakathaṃ nisāmayi.

‘‘Paññāpaṭilābhagatena [paññāpaṭilābhakatena (sī. pī.) ṭīkā oloketabbā] kammunā,

Manussabhūto sukhumacchavī ahu;

Byākaṃsu uppādanimittakovidā,

Sukhumāni atthāni avecca dakkhiti.

‘‘Sace na pabbajjamupeti tādiso,

Vatteti cakkaṃ pathaviṃ pasāsati;

Atthānusiṭṭhīsu pariggahesu ca,

Na tena seyyo sadiso ca vijjati.

‘‘Sace ca pabbajjamupeti tādiso,

Nekkhammachandābhirato vicakkhaṇo;

Paññāvisiṭṭhaṃ labhate anuttaraṃ,

Pappoti bodhiṃ varabhūrimedhaso’’ti.

(13) Suvaṇṇavaṇṇalakkhaṇaṃ

218. ‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno akkodhano ahosi anupāyāsabahulo, bahumpi vutto samāno nābhisajji na kuppi na byāpajji na patitthīyi, na kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātvākāsi. Dātā ca ahosi sukhumānaṃ mudukānaṃ attharaṇānaṃ pāvuraṇānaṃ [pāpuraṇānaṃ (sī. syā. pī.)] khomasukhumānaṃ kappāsikasukhumānaṃ koseyyasukhumānaṃ kambalasukhumānaṃ. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati. Suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hoti kañcanasannibhattaco.

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Lābhī hoti sukhumānaṃ mudukānaṃ attharaṇānaṃ pāvuraṇānaṃ khomasukhumānaṃ kappāsikasukhumānaṃ koseyyasukhumānaṃ kambalasukhumānaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Lābhī hoti sukhumānaṃ mudukānaṃ attharaṇānaṃ pāvuraṇānaṃ khomasukhumānaṃ kappāsikasukhumānaṃ koseyyasukhumānaṃ kambalasukhumānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

219. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Akkodhañca adhiṭṭhahi adāsi [adāsi ca (sī. pī.)],

Dānañca vatthāni sukhumāni succhavīni;

Purimatarabhave ṭhito abhivissaji,

Mahimiva suro abhivassaṃ.

‘‘Taṃ katvāna ito cuto dibbaṃ,

Upapajji [upapajja (sī. pī.)] sukataphalavipākamanubhutvā;

Kanakatanusannibho idhābhibhavati,

Suravarataroriva indo.

‘‘Gehañcāvasati naro apabbajja,

Micchaṃ mahatimahiṃ anusāsati [pasāsati (syā.)];

Pasayha sahidha sattaratanaṃ [pasayha abhivasana-varataraṃ (sī. pī.)],

Paṭilabhati vimala [vipula (syā.), vipulaṃ (sī. pī.)] sukhumacchaviṃ suciñca.

‘‘Lābhī acchādanavatthamokkhapāvuraṇānaṃ,

Bhavati yadi anāgāriyataṃ upeti;

Sahito [suhita (syā.), sa hi (sī. pī.)] purimakataphalaṃ anubhavati,

Na bhavati katassa panāso’’ti.

(14) Kosohitavatthaguyhalakkhaṇaṃ

220. Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno cirappanaṭṭhe sucirappavāsino ñātimitte suhajje sakhino samānetā ahosi. Mātarampi puttena samānetā ahosi, puttampi mātarā samānetā ahosi, pitarampi puttena samānetā ahosi, puttampi pitarā samānetā ahosi, bhātarampi bhātarā samānetā ahosi, bhātarampi bhaginiyā samānetā ahosi, bhaginimpi bhātarā samānetā ahosi, bhaginimpi bhaginiyā samānetā ahosi, samaṅgīkatvā [samaggiṃ katvā (sī. syā. pī.)] ca abbhanumoditā ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati – kosohitavatthaguyho hoti.

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Pahūtaputto hoti, parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Pahūtaputto hoti, anekasahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.



这是我对文本的完整直译:
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"在过去前世诸生中,
他渴望知识而询问;
恭敬地亲近出家人,
专心倾听有意义的话。
由于获得智慧的业,
作为人时他皮肤细腻;
精通相术的人预言,
他将洞见细微的意义。
如果这样的人不出家,
他将转动轮宝统治大地;
在教导和理解意义上,
没有人比他更优秀或相等。
如果这样的人出家,
乐于出离、有智慧;
他获得无上殊胜智慧,
广大智者证得菩提。"
(13)金色皮肤相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,不易发怒,不易烦恼,即使被多说也不生气、不恼怒、不嗔恨、不忿怒,不显露愤怒、嗔恨、不悦。他是细软被褥、毯子的施与者,施与细软的亚麻布、棉布、丝绸、羊毛。由于造作、积累这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:金色皮肤,肤色如金。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他获得细软的被褥、毯子,细软的亚麻布、棉布、丝绸、羊毛。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他获得细软的被褥、毯子,细软的亚麻布、棉布、丝绸、羊毛。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"他坚持不发怒,并布施
细软美丽的衣服;
在前世他布施,
如天神降雨于大地。
做此业后从此世死去,
往生天界享受善业果报;
来此世如金身,
胜过帝释天。
如果此人居家不出家,
他统治广大的大地;
在此他获得七宝,
获得无垢细腻洁净的皮肤。
他获得衣服、被褥、毯子,
如果他选择无家生活;
他享受前世善业的果报,
所作之业不会失去。"
(14)阴藏隐密相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,是长期失散、长期离别的亲戚朋友好友同伴的团聚者。他使母子团聚,使子母团聚,使父子团聚,使子父团聚,使兄弟团聚,使兄妹团聚,使姐弟团聚,使姐妹团聚,使他们团聚后欢喜。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:阴藏隐密。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他有众多儿子,有千余勇猛威武、能摧敌军的儿子。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他有众多儿子,有数千勇猛威武、能摧敌军的儿子。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。

221. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Pure puratthā purimāsu jātisu,

Cirappanaṭṭhe sucirappavāsino;

Ñātī suhajje sakhino samānayi,

Samaṅgikatvā anumoditā ahu.

‘‘So tena [sa tena (ka.)] kammena divaṃ samakkami,

Sukhañca khiḍḍāratiyo ca anvabhi;

Tato cavitvā punarāgato idha,

Kosohitaṃ vindati vatthachādiyaṃ.

‘‘Pahūtaputto bhavatī tathāvidho,

Parosahassañca [parosahassassa (sī. pī.)] bhavanti atrajā;

Sūrā ca vīrā ca [sūrā ca vīraṅgarūpā (ka.)] amittatāpanā,

Gihissa pītiṃjananā piyaṃvadā.

‘‘Bahūtarā pabbajitassa iriyato,

Bhavanti puttā vacanānusārino;

Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna,

Taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ jāyati tadatthajotaka’’nti.

Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.

(15-16) Parimaṇḍalaanonamajaṇṇuparimasanalakkhaṇāni

222. ‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno mahājanasaṅgahaṃ [mahājanasaṅgāhakaṃ (ka.)] samekkhamāno [samapekkhamāno (ka.)] samaṃ jānāti sāmaṃ jānāti, purisaṃ jānāti purisavisesaṃ jānāti – ‘ayamidamarahati ayamidamarahatī’ti tattha tattha purisavisesakaro ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Nigrodha parimaṇḍalo ca hoti, ṭhitakoyeva ca anonamanto ubhohi pāṇitalehi jaṇṇukāni parimasati parimajjati.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati ? Aḍḍho hoti mahaddhano mahābhogo pahūtajātarūparajato pahūtavittūpakaraṇo pahūtadhanadhañño paripuṇṇakosakoṭṭhāgāro. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati…pe… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Aḍḍho hoti mahaddhano mahābhogo. Tassimāni dhanāni honti, seyyathidaṃ, saddhādhanaṃ sīladhanaṃ hiridhanaṃ ottappadhanaṃ sutadhanaṃ cāgadhanaṃ paññādhanaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

223. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Tuliya paṭivicaya cintayitvā,

Mahājanasaṅgahanaṃ [mahājanaṃ saṅgāhakaṃ (ka.)] samekkhamāno;

Ayamidamarahati tattha tattha,

Purisavisesakaro pure ahosi.

‘‘Mahiñca pana [samā ca pana (syā.), sa hi ca pana (sī. pī.)] ṭhito anonamanto,

Phusati karehi ubhohi jaṇṇukāni;

Mahiruhaparimaṇḍalo ahosi,

Sucaritakammavipākasesakena.

‘‘Bahuvividhanimittalakkhaṇaññū,

Atinipuṇā manujā byākariṃsu;

Bahuvividhā gihīnaṃ arahāni,

Paṭilabhati daharo susu kumāro.

‘‘Idha ca mahīpatissa kāmabhogī,

Gihipatirūpakā bahū bhavanti;

Yadi ca jahati sabbakāmabhogaṃ,

Labhati anuttaraṃ uttamadhanagga’’nti.

(17-19) Sīhapubbaddhakāyāditilakkhaṇaṃ

224. ‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno bahujanassa atthakāmo ahosi hitakāmo phāsukāmo yogakkhemakāmo – ‘kintime saddhāya vaḍḍheyyuṃ, sīlena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, sutena vaḍḍheyyuṃ [sutena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, buddhiyā vaḍḍheyyuṃ (syā.)], cāgena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, dhammena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, paññāya vaḍḍheyyuṃ, dhanadhaññena vaḍḍheyyuṃ, khettavatthunā vaḍḍheyyuṃ, dvipadacatuppadehi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, puttadārehi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, dāsakammakaraporisehi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, ñātīhi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, mittehi vaḍḍheyyuṃ, bandhavehi vaḍḍheyyu’nti. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni tīṇi mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Sīhapubbaddhakāyo ca hoti citantaraṃso ca samavaṭṭakkhandho ca.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Aparihānadhammo hoti, na parihāyati dhanadhaññena khettavatthunā dvipadacatuppadehi puttadārehi dāsakammakaraporisehi ñātīhi mittehi bandhavehi, na parihāyati sabbasampattiyā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Aparihānadhammo hoti, na parihāyati saddhāya sīlena sutena cāgena paññāya, na parihāyati sabbasampattiyā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.



这是我对文本的完整直译:
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"在过去前世诸生中,
他使长期失散、长期离别的
亲戚朋友好友团聚,
使他们团聚后欢喜。
以此业他升天,
享受快乐、游戏、欢喜;
从那里死后再来此世,
他获得阴藏隐密。
这样的人有众多儿子,
有千余亲生子;
勇猛威武能摧敌,
使在家人欢喜说爱语。
出家修行者有更多
顺从教诲的儿子;
无论在家或出家,
此相显示此义。"
第一诵品终
(15-16)身如榕树圆满和直立不弯能抚摸双膝相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,考虑大众的利益,平等地了知,亲自了知,了知人,了知人的差别 - '此人应得此,此人应得此',在各处辨别人的差别。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这两种大人相。身如榕树圆满,直立不弯能用双手抚摸膝盖。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他富有、大富、大财,有丰富的金银,丰富的财物资具,丰富的财谷,仓库充满。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他富有、大富、大财。他有这些财富,即:信财、戒财、惭财、愧财、闻财、舍财、慧财。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"权衡、考察、思量,
考虑大众的利益;
'此人应得此'在各处
他过去辨别人的差别。
站立在地不弯腰,
双手能抚摸膝盖;
身如榕树圆满,
这是善业果报的余果。
精通各种相征的人,
精细地解说;
童子少年时就获得
在家人应得的众多事物。
在此作为国王享受欲乐,
有许多适合在家人的事物;
如果他舍弃一切欲乐,
他获得无上最上财富。"
(17-19)上身如狮子等三相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,为众人谋求利益、谋求幸福、谋求安乐、谋求安稳 - '愿他们在信增长,在戒增长,在闻增长,在舍增长,在法增长,在慧增长,在财谷增长,在田地增长,在二足四足增长,在妻子增长,在奴仆工人增长,在亲戚增长,在朋友增长,在眷属增长'。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这三种大人相。上身如狮子,两肩之间丰满,颈圆匀称。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他不退失,不退失财谷、田地、二足四足、妻子、奴仆工人、亲戚、朋友、眷属,不退失一切成就。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他不退失,不退失信、戒、闻、舍、慧,不退失一切成就。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。

225. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Saddhāya sīlena sutena buddhiyā,

Cāgena dhammena bahūhi sādhuhi;

Dhanena dhaññena ca khettavatthunā,

Puttehi dārehi catuppadehi ca.

‘‘Ñātīhi mittehi ca bandhavehi ca,

Balena vaṇṇena sukhena cūbhayaṃ;

Kathaṃ na hāyeyyuṃ pareti icchati,

Atthassa middhī ca [idaṃ samiddhañca (ka.), addhaṃ samiddhañca (syā.)] panābhikaṅkhati.

‘‘Sa sīhapubbaddhasusaṇṭhito ahu,

Samavaṭṭakkhandho ca citantaraṃso;

Pubbe suciṇṇena katena kammunā,

Ahāniyaṃ pubbanimittamassa taṃ.

‘‘Gihīpi dhaññena dhanena vaḍḍhati,

Puttehi dārehi catuppadehi ca;

Akiñcano pabbajito anuttaraṃ,

Pappoti bodhiṃ asahānadhammata’’nti [sambodhimahānadhammatanti (syā. ka.) ṭīkā oloketabbā].

(20) Rasaggasaggitālakkhaṇaṃ

226. ‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno sattānaṃ aviheṭhakajātiko ahosi pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati, rasaggasaggī hoti, uddhaggāssa rasaharaṇīyo gīvāya jātā honti samābhivāhiniyo [samavāharasaharaṇiyo (syā.)].

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Appābādho hoti appātaṅko, samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Appābādho hoti appātaṅko samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya majjhimāya padhānakkhamāya. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

227. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Na pāṇidaṇḍehi panātha leḍḍunā,

Satthena vā maraṇavadhena [māraṇavadhena (ka.)] vā pana;

Ubbādhanāya paritajjanāya vā,

Na heṭhayī janatamaheṭhako ahu.

‘‘Teneva so sugatimupecca modati,

Sukhapphalaṃ kariya sukhāni vindati;

Samojasā [sampajjasā (sī. pī.), pāmuñjasā (syā.), sāmañca sā (ka.)] rasaharaṇī susaṇṭhitā,

Idhāgato labhati rasaggasaggitaṃ.

‘‘Tenāhu naṃ atinipuṇā vicakkhaṇā,

Ayaṃ naro sukhabahulo bhavissati;

Gihissa vā pabbajitassa vā puna [pana (syā.)],

Taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ bhavati tadatthajotaka’’nti.

(21-22) Abhinīlanettagopakhumalakkhaṇāni

228. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno na ca visaṭaṃ, na ca visāci [na ca visācitaṃ (sī. pī.), na ca visāvi (syā.)], na ca pana viceyya pekkhitā, ujuṃ tathā pasaṭamujumano, piyacakkhunā bahujanaṃ udikkhitā ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Abhinīlanetto ca hoti gopakhumo ca.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Piyadassano hoti bahuno janassa, piyo hoti manāpo brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ negamajānapadānaṃ gaṇakamahāmattānaṃ anīkaṭṭhānaṃ dovārikānaṃ amaccānaṃ pārisajjānaṃ rājūnaṃ bhogiyānaṃ kumārānaṃ. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati…pe… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Piyadassano hoti bahuno janassa, piyo hoti manāpo bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ devānaṃ manussānaṃ asurānaṃ nāgānaṃ gandhabbānaṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

229. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Na ca visaṭaṃ na ca visāci [visācitaṃ (sī. pī.), visāvi (syā.)], na ca pana viceyyapekkhitā;

Ujuṃ tathā pasaṭamujumano, piyacakkhunā bahujanaṃ udikkhitā.

‘‘Sugatīsu so phalavipākaṃ,

Anubhavati tattha modati;

Idha ca pana bhavati gopakhumo,

Abhinīlanettanayano sudassano.

‘‘Abhiyogino ca nipuṇā,

Bahū pana nimittakovidā;

Sukhumanayanakusalā manujā,

Piyadassanoti abhiniddisanti naṃ.

‘‘Piyadassano gihīpi santo ca,

Bhavati bahujanapiyāyito;

Yadi ca na bhavati gihī samaṇo hoti,

Piyo bahūnaṃ sokanāsano’’ti.

(23) Uṇhīsasīsalakkhaṇaṃ



这是我对文本的完整直译:
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"在信、戒、闻、智,
舍、法和众多善事,
财、谷、田地,
子女、妻子和四足兽,
亲戚、朋友和眷属,
力量、美貌和双重快乐,
他希望'愿他们不退失',
他渴望利益和成就。
他上身如狮子形态优美,
颈圆匀称,两肩丰满;
由于过去善行所造业,
这是他不退失的前兆。
在家人增长谷物财富,
子女、妻子和四足兽;
出家无所有者证得
无上菩提,具不退失法。"
(20)味觉敏锐相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,不伤害众生,不用手、土块、棍棒或刀剑伤害。由于造作、积累这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:味觉敏锐,喉部生有向上的味觉神经,均匀分布。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他少病少恼,具有均衡的消化能力,不冷不热。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他少病少恼,具有均衡的消化能力,不冷不热,适中,能忍受精进。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"不用手、棍、土块,
刀剑或杀害,
不以威胁恐吓,
他不伤害众生,不是伤害者。
以此他往生善趣欢喜,
造善业得快乐果报;
味觉神经均匀分布,
来此世获得味觉敏锐。
因此精通观察者说,
此人将有众多快乐;
无论在家或出家,
此相显示此义。"
(21-22)深蓝眼和牛王睫毛相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,不斜视,不邪视,不挑剔地看,正直、开放、正直心,以慈爱眼看众人。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这两种大人相。深蓝眼和牛王睫毛。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他为众人所喜见,为婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村居民、会计官员、军队、守门人、大臣、侍从、诸王、富豪、王子所喜爱、可意。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他为众人所喜见,为比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆所喜爱、可意。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"不斜视,不邪视,不挑剔地看,
正直、开放、正直心,以慈爱眼看众人。
他在善趣享受果报,
在那里欢喜;
来此世获得牛王睫毛,
深蓝眼,容貌端正。
精通观察、
善巧相术的众多人,
善于观察细微之人说,
他是可爱见者。
在家时他可爱见,
为众人所喜爱;
如果不在家而为沙门,
他为众人所喜爱,能除忧。"
(23)顶髻相

230. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno bahujanapubbaṅgamo ahosi kusalesu dhammesu bahujanapāmokkho kāyasucarite vacīsucarite manosucarite dānasaṃvibhāge sīlasamādāne uposathupavāse matteyyatāya petteyyatāya sāmaññatāya brahmaññatāya kule jeṭṭhāpacāyitāya aññataraññataresu ca adhikusalesu dhammesu. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati – uṇhīsasīso hoti.

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāssa jano anvāyiko hoti, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāssa jano anvāyiko hoti, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

231. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Pubbaṅgamo sucaritesu ahu,

Dhammesu dhammacariyābhirato;

Anvāyiko bahujanassa ahu,

Saggesu vedayittha puññaphalaṃ.

‘‘Veditvā so sucaritassa phalaṃ,

Uṇhīsasīsattamidhajjhagamā;

Byākaṃsu byañjananimittadharā,

Pubbaṅgamo bahujanaṃ hessati.

‘‘Paṭibhogiyā manujesu idha,

Pubbeva tassa abhiharanti tadā;

Yadi khattiyo bhavati bhūmipati,

Paṭihārakaṃ bahujane labhati.

‘‘Atha cepi pabbajati so manujo,

Dhammesu hoti paguṇo visavī;

Tassānusāsaniguṇābhirato,

Anvāyiko bahujano bhavatī’’ti.

(24-25) Ekekalomatāuṇṇālakkhaṇāni

232. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato ahosi, saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa . So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Ekekalomo ca hoti, uṇṇā ca bhamukantare jātā hoti odātā mudutūlasannibhā.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato, sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāssa jano upavattati, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Mahāssa jano upavattati, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

233. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Saccappaṭiñño purimāsu jātisu,

Advejjhavāco alikaṃ vivajjayi;

Na so visaṃvādayitāpi kassaci,

Bhūtena tacchena tathena bhāsayi [tosayi (sī. pī.)].

‘‘Setā susukkā mudutūlasannibhā,

Uṇṇā sujātā [uṇṇāssa jātā (ka. sī.)] bhamukantare ahu;

Na lomakūpesu duve ajāyisuṃ,

Ekekalomūpacitaṅgavā ahu.

‘‘Taṃ lakkhaṇaññū bahavo samāgatā,

Byākaṃsu uppādanimittakovidā;

Uṇṇā ca lomā ca yathā susaṇṭhitā,

Upavattatī īdisakaṃ bahujjano.

‘‘Gihimpi santaṃ upavattatī jano,

Bahu puratthāpakatena kammunā;

Akiñcanaṃ pabbajitaṃ anuttaraṃ,

Buddhampi santaṃ upavattati jano’’ti.

(26-27) Cattālīsaaviraḷadantalakkhaṇāni



这是我对文本的完整直译:
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,在善法中为众人之首,为众人之最,在身善行、语善行、意善行、布施分享、持戒、守布萨、孝敬母亲、孝敬父亲、尊敬沙门、尊敬婆罗门、尊敬家中长者,以及其他殊胜善法中。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:顶有肉髻。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?众人追随他,婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村居民、会计官员、军队、守门人、大臣、侍从、诸王、富豪、王子。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?众人追随他,比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"他在善行中为首,
乐于法中行法;
为众人所追随,
在天界享受福报。
他体验善行的果报,
来此世获得顶髻相;
相术师解说征兆,
他将为众人之首。
在此人间,
人们事先就供养他;
如果他成为统治大地的刹帝利,
他获得众人的服侍。
如果此人出家,
他精通、善巧于诸法;
众人乐于他的教诫功德,
众人追随他。"
(24-25)一毛孔一毛和白毫相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,断除妄语,远离妄语,说实语,诚实可信,不欺世间。由于造作、积累这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这两种大人相。一毛孔一毛,两眉之间生有白毫,柔软如棉絮。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?众人顺从他,婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村居民、会计官员、军队、守门人、大臣、侍从、诸王、富豪、王子。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?众人顺从他,比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"在前世诸生中他守诚实,
言语不二,远离虚妄;
他不欺骗任何人,
以真实、如实、如理而说。
白色、洁白、柔软如棉絮,
白毫生于两眉之间;
毛孔不生两毛,
一毛孔一毛遍布全身。
众多精通相术者聚集,
善于解说征兆者说:
白毫和毛如此安置,
众人将顺从这样的人。
即使在家,众人顺从他,
这是因过去所造业;
无所有、出家、无上者,
即使是佛陀,众人也顺从。"
(26-27)四十齿和齿齐密相

234. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato ahosi. Ito sutvā na amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya, amutra vā sutvā na imesaṃ akkhātā amūsaṃ bhedāya , iti bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā, sahitānaṃ vā anuppadātā, samaggārāmo samaggarato samagganandī samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Cattālīsadanto ca hoti aviraḷadanto ca.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Abhejjapariso hoti, abhejjāssa honti parisā, brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati … buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Abhejjapariso hoti, abhejjāssa honti parisā, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

235. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Vebhūtiyaṃ sahitabhedakāriṃ,

Bhedappavaḍḍhanavivādakāriṃ;

Kalahappavaḍḍhanaākiccakāriṃ,

Sahitānaṃ bhedajananiṃ na bhaṇi.

‘‘Avivādavaḍḍhanakariṃ sugiraṃ,

Bhinnānusandhijananiṃ abhaṇi;

Kalahaṃ janassa panudī samaṅgī,

Sahitehi nandati pamodati ca.

‘‘Sugatīsu so phalavipākaṃ,

Anubhavati tattha modati;

Dantā idha honti aviraḷā sahitā,

Caturo dasassa mukhajā susaṇṭhitā.

‘‘Yadi khattiyo bhavati bhūmipati,

Avibhediyāssa parisā bhavati;

Samaṇo ca hoti virajo vimalo,

Parisāssa hoti anugatā acalā’’ti.

(28-29) Pahūtajivhābrahmassaralakkhaṇāni

236. ‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno pharusaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato ahosi. Yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā, tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati. Pahūtajivho ca hoti brahmassaro ca karavīkabhāṇī.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Ādeyyavāco hoti, ādiyantissa vacanaṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Ādeyyavāco hoti, ādiyantissa vacanaṃ bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

237. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Akkosabhaṇḍanavihesakāriṃ,

Ubbādhikaṃ [ubbādhakaraṃ (syā.)] bahujanappamaddanaṃ;

Abāḷhaṃ giraṃ so na bhaṇi pharusaṃ,

Madhuraṃ bhaṇi susaṃhitaṃ [susahitaṃ (syā.)] sakhilaṃ.

‘‘Manaso piyā hadayagāminiyo,

Vācā so erayati kaṇṇasukhā;

Vācāsuciṇṇaphalamanubhavi,

Saggesu vedayatha [vedayati (?) ṭīkā oloketabbā] puññaphalaṃ.

‘‘Veditvā so sucaritassa phalaṃ,

Brahmassarattamidhamajjhagamā;

Jivhāssa hoti vipulā puthulā,

Ādeyyavākyavacano bhavati.

‘‘Gihinopi ijjhati yathā bhaṇato,

Atha ce pabbajati so manujo;

Ādiyantissa vacanaṃ janatā,

Bahuno bahuṃ subhaṇitaṃ bhaṇato’’ti.

(30) Sīhahanulakkhaṇaṃ



这是我对文本的完整直译:
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,断除离间语,远离离间语。他不会在这里听到后在那里说以离间这些人,也不会在那里听到后在这里说以离间那些人。他是分裂者的调解者,和合者的支持者,喜好和合,乐于和合,欢喜和合,说能导致和合的话。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这两种大人相。四十齿和齿齐密。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他的眷属不可分裂,他的眷属不可分裂,即婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村居民、会计官员、军队、守门人、大臣、侍从、诸王、富豪、王子。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他的眷属不可分裂,他的眷属不可分裂,即比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"他不说离间语、破坏和合的话,
增长分裂、争论的话,
增长争吵、无益的话,
能导致和合者分裂的话。
他说增长无诤、善美的话,
能使分裂者和合的话;
他驱除人们的争吵,使和合,
与和合者同乐同喜。
他在善趣享受果报,
在那里欢喜;
在此他齿齐密,
四十齿生于口中形状优美。
如果他成为统治大地的刹帝利,
他的眷属不可分裂;
如果他成为无垢清净的沙门,
他的眷属追随他不动摇。"
(28-29)广长舌和梵音相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,断除粗恶语,远离粗恶语。他说柔和、悦耳、可爱、入心、优雅、众人喜欢、众人喜悦的话。由于造作、积累这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这两种大人相。广长舌和梵音,声如迦陵频伽鸟。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他说话有威信,婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村居民、会计官员、军队、守门人、大臣、侍从、诸王、富豪、王子接受他的话。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他说话有威信,比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆接受他的话。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"他不说辱骂、争吵、伤害的话,
压迫、伤害众人的话;
他不说粗恶、伤人的话,
他说柔和、和谐、亲切的话。
他说悦意、入心,
悦耳的话;
他享受善语的果报,
在天界享受福报。
他体验善行的果报,
来此世获得梵音相;
他的舌头广长,
他说话有威信。
无论在家时说话都灵验,
如果此人出家;
众人接受他的话,
他说众多善美之语。"
(30)狮子颚相

238. ‘‘Yampi , bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno samphappalāpaṃ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato ahosi kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī, nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosi kālena sāpadesaṃ pariyantavatiṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā…pe… so tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imaṃ mahāpurisalakkhaṇaṃ paṭilabhati, sīhahanu hoti.

‘‘So tena lakkhaṇena samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī…pe… rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Appadhaṃsiyo hoti kenaci manussabhūtena paccatthikena paccāmittena. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati… buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Appadhaṃsiyo hoti abbhantarehi vā bāhirehi vā paccatthikehi paccāmittehi, rāgena vā dosena vā mohena vā samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.

239. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Na samphappalāpaṃ na muddhataṃ [buddhatanti (ka.)],

Avikiṇṇavacanabyappatho ahosi;

Ahitamapi ca apanudi,

Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca abhaṇi.

‘‘Taṃ katvā ito cuto divamupapajji,

Sukataphalavipākamanubhosi;

Caviya punaridhāgato samāno,

Dvidugamavaratarahanuttamalattha.

‘‘Rājā hoti suduppadhaṃsiyo,

Manujindo manujādhipati mahānubhāvo;

Tidivapuravarasamo bhavati,

Suravarataroriva indo.

‘‘Gandhabbāsurayakkharakkhasebhi [surasakkarakkhasebhi (syā.)],

Surehi na hi bhavati suppadhaṃsiyo;

Tathatto yadi bhavati tathāvidho,

Idha disā ca paṭidisā ca vidisā cā’’ti.

(31-32) Samadantasusukkadāṭhālakkhaṇāni

240. ‘‘Yampi, bhikkhave, tathāgato purimaṃ jātiṃ purimaṃ bhavaṃ purimaṃ niketaṃ pubbe manussabhūto samāno micchājīvaṃ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvikaṃ kappesi, tulākūṭa kaṃsakūṭa mānakūṭa ukkoṭana vañcana nikati sāciyoga chedana vadha bandhana viparāmosa ālopa sahasākārā [sāhasākārā (sī. syā. pī.)] paṭivirato ahosi. So tassa kammassa kaṭattā upacitattā ussannattā vipulattā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. So tattha aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhāti dibbena āyunā dibbena vaṇṇena dibbena sukhena dibbena yasena dibbena ādhipateyyena dibbehi rūpehi dibbehi saddehi dibbehi gandhehi dibbehi rasehi dibbehi phoṭṭhabbehi. So tato cuto itthattaṃ āgato samāno imāni dve mahāpurisalakkhaṇāni paṭilabhati, samadanto ca hoti susukkadāṭho ca.

‘‘So tehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgato sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasati, rājā hoti cakkavattī dhammiko dhammarājā cāturanto vijitāvī janapadatthāvariyappatto sattaratanasamannāgato. Tassimāni satta ratanāni bhavanti, seyyathidaṃ – cakkaratanaṃ hatthiratanaṃ assaratanaṃ maṇiratanaṃ itthiratanaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pariṇāyakaratanameva sattamaṃ. Parosahassaṃ kho panassa puttā bhavanti sūrā vīraṅgarūpā parasenappamaddanā. So imaṃ pathaviṃ sāgarapariyantaṃ akhilamanimittamakaṇṭakaṃ iddhaṃ phītaṃ khemaṃ sivaṃ nirabbudaṃ adaṇḍena asatthena dhammena abhivijiya ajjhāvasati. Rājā samāno kiṃ labhati? Suciparivāro hoti sucissa honti parivārā brāhmaṇagahapatikā negamajānapadā gaṇakamahāmattā anīkaṭṭhā dovārikā amaccā pārisajjā rājāno bhogiyā kumārā. Rājā samāno idaṃ labhati.

‘‘Sace kho pana agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati, arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho loke vivaṭṭacchado. Buddho samāno kiṃ labhati? Suciparivāro hoti, sucissa honti parivārā, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā. Buddho samāno idaṃ labhati’’. Etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca.



这是我对文本的完整直译:
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,断除绮语,远离绮语。他说适时语、真实语、有义语、法语、律语,说有价值的话,适时、有理由、有限度、有意义。由于造作这些业...从那里死后来到此世,他获得这个大人相:狮子颚。
"具足这个相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王...作为国王他获得什么?他不会被任何人类敌人、对手所摧毁。作为国王他获得这个...作为佛陀他获得什么?他不会被内部或外部的敌人、对手所摧毁,不会被贪、嗔、痴,沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵天或世间任何人所摧毁。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"他不说绮语、愚痴语,
言语不散乱;
他去除不利,
说有益、众人安乐的话。
做此后从此世死去生天,
他享受善业果报;
死后再来此世,
获得最上双重颚。
他成为难以摧毁的国王,
人中之王,人主,大威力;
如三十三天之城,
如帝释天王。
乾闼婆、阿修罗、夜叉、罗刹,
诸天也难以摧毁他;
如果他成为如是者,
在此世及四方上下皆如是。"
(31-32)齿齐平和洁白牙相
"诸比丘,如来在前世、前生、前住处,作为人时,断除邪命,以正命维生,远离秤不平、用假钱、量不足、受贿、欺骗、诈骗、伪造、杀、缚、抢劫、掠夺、暴力。由于造作、积累、增长、广大这些业,身坏命终后,他往生善趣、天界。他在那里以十事胜过其他诸天:天寿、天色、天乐、天名声、天主权、天色、天声、天香、天味、天触。从那里死后来到此世,他获得这两种大人相:齿齐平和洁白牙。
"具足这些相的人,如果居家,则为转轮王,如法之王,统治四方,征服四方,国土安稳,具足七宝。他有这七宝,即:轮宝、象宝、马宝、摩尼宝、女宝、居士宝、主兵臣宝为第七。他有千余勇猛威武、能摧敌军的儿子。他以非暴力、非武力、以法征服这四海之内无垠、无障碍、富庶、安宁、太平、无灾的大地而统治。作为国王他获得什么?他有清净的眷属,他的眷属清净,即婆罗门、居士、城邑乡村居民、会计官员、军队、守门人、大臣、侍从、诸王、富豪、王子。作为国王他获得这个。
"如果他从在家出家,他成为阿罗汉、正等正觉者,揭开世间的覆盖。作为佛陀他获得什么?他有清净的眷属,他的眷属清净,即比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天、人、阿修罗、龙、乾闼婆。作为佛陀他获得这个。"世尊说了这个意思。

241. Tatthetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Micchājīvañca avassaji samena vuttiṃ,

Sucinā so janayittha dhammikena;

Ahitamapi ca apanudi,

Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca acari.

‘‘Sagge vedayati naro sukhapphalāni,

Karitvā nipuṇebhi vidūhi sabbhi;

Vaṇṇitāni tidivapuravarasamo,

Abhiramati ratikhiḍḍāsamaṅgī.

‘‘Laddhānaṃ mānusakaṃ bhavaṃ tato,

Cavitvāna sukataphalavipākaṃ;

Sesakena paṭilabhati lapanajaṃ,

Samamapi sucisusukkaṃ [laddhāna manussakaṃ bhavaṃ tato caviya, puna sukataphalavipākasesakena; paṭilabhati lapanajaṃ samamapi, suci ca suvisuddhasusukkaṃ (syā.)].

‘‘Taṃ veyyañjanikā samāgatā bahavo,

Byākaṃsu nipuṇasammatā manujā;

Sucijanaparivāragaṇo bhavati,

Dijasamasukkasucisobhanadanto.

‘‘Rañño hoti bahujano,

Suciparivāro mahatiṃ mahiṃ anusāsato;

Pasayha na ca janapadatudanaṃ,

Hitamapi ca bahujanasukhañca caranti.

‘‘Atha ce pabbajati bhavati vipāpo,

Samaṇo samitarajo vivaṭṭacchado;

Vigatadarathakilamatho,

Imamapi ca paramapi ca [imampi ca parampi ca (pī.), paraṃpi paramaṃpi ca (syā.)] passati lokaṃ.

‘‘Tassovādakarā bahugihī ca pabbajitā ca,

Asuciṃ garahitaṃ dhunanti pāpaṃ;

Sa hi sucibhi parivuto bhavati,

Malakhilakalikilese panudehī’’ti [tassovādakarā bahugihī ca, pabbajitā ca asucivigarahita; panudipāpassa hi sucibhiparivuto, bhavati malakhilakakilese panudeti (syā.)].

Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.


这是我对文本的完整直译:
关于这点,有如下偈颂:
"他舍弃邪命,以平等正当方式,
以清净如法的方式谋生;
他去除不利,
行利益众人安乐之事。
此人在天界享受快乐果报,
做了智者赞叹的事;
如三十三天之城,
他享受欢乐游戏。
获得人身后,
从那里死后享受善业果报;
以余果获得口生,
齿齐平且洁白。
众多聚集的相术师,
被认为精通的人解说:
他将有清净众人为眷属,
牙齿如鸟一样洁白清净美丽。
国王有众多
清净眷属,统治广大国土;
他们不压迫国民,
而行利益众人安乐之事。
如果他出家成为无恶者,
沙门,灭尽烦恼,揭开覆盖;
远离忧恼疲劳,
他见此世及他世。
众多在家出家者听从他的教诲,
去除不净、应呵责的恶;
他被清净者围绕,
去除垢秽、荒芜、污秽、烦恼。"
世尊说了这些。那些比丘满意欢喜世尊所说。


Lakkhaṇasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ.

相经终。第七。


